辽东岫岩地区下古生界碎屑锆石定年:罗迪尼亚和冈瓦纳超大陆在华北遗留的痕迹？     

董晓杰  陈煜嵩  刘正宏  徐仲元  沙茜 《岩石学报》2020,36(6):1857-1869

超大陆演化是地质研究的重要内容,华北克拉通与不同地质历史时期超大陆汇聚与裂解的联系对反演华北克拉通构造演化历史具有重要意义。本文在辽吉古元古代造山带中段的原划分为辽河群地层中首次识别出一套早古生代沉积建造。这套沉积建造与华北克拉通以浅海相的碳酸盐岩为主的早古生代沉积并不一致,以发育大量的陆源碎屑沉积为特征。我们对2件细砂岩分别进行了锆石LA-ICP-MS和SHRIMP U-Pb定年。定年结果显示,2件样品的最小年龄分别为～482Ma和～498Ma,反映了它们的最大沉积时代。2件样品的碎屑锆石年龄主要介于1600～500Ma,缺乏亲华北的物源信息,表明它们的物源主要来自于华北之外。2件样品年龄谱中最重要的峰值出现在格林威尔期和泛非期,表明华北克拉通曾与罗迪尼亚超大陆和冈瓦纳大陆存在联系。格林威尔期碎屑锆石可能来自于罗迪尼亚超大陆时期波罗地古陆物质在华北克拉通东缘的再循环;泛非期碎屑锆石可能来自于东冈瓦纳大陆的北缘造山带。  相似文献   

塔里木地块西北缘震旦系发现二叠纪基性岩床侵入事件   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

吴鸿翔  黄伟康  励音骐  林秀斌  陈汉林  程晓敢  章凤奇 《地质学报》2020,94(6):1869-1882

准确识别侵入岩和火山岩并厘定其形成时代是野外地质调查的一项基础工作,它们对认识区域岩浆事件序列和建立沉积地层年代格架具有重要的作用。塔里木地块西北缘阿克苏地区以出露连续的新元古界和丰富多样的新元古代岩浆岩而成为备受前寒武纪地质研究工作者关注的地区。本文通过遥感影像的识别、野外剖面地质调查和岩石学研究,发现塔里木西北缘阿克苏市西南部的震旦系中发育的基性岩具有典型的岩浆侵入特征,包括局部截切地层、包裹围岩块和内部结晶粗、边缘结晶细等特点。结合锆石U-Pb年代学研究,发现该地区震旦系发育的基性岩浆岩并不全是震旦纪玄武岩,有相当一部分是早二叠世(ca. 290Ma)侵入的辉绿岩岩床,其侵位年龄与塔里木二叠纪大规模溢流玄武岩的喷发时代接近,很可能是塔里木大火成岩省的重要组成部分。这期显著的岩浆热事件可能对该地区前寒武纪岩石重磁化产生重要影响,同时也启示今后开展塔里木北缘震旦纪岩浆作用研究时需要特别引起重视并加以仔细鉴别。  相似文献   

华北克拉通东部古太平洋板块俯冲与回撤作用:来自辽西兴城地区晚中生代花岗质岩石的记录与启示   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

崔芳华  徐学纯  郑常青  姚文贵  施璐 《岩石学报》2020,36(8):2463-2492

目前对于华北克拉通东部晚中生代花岗质岩石的成因仍存在地幔柱、加厚/拆沉下地壳部分熔融、俯冲板片脱水导致地壳熔融等不同认识。辽西兴城地区晚中生代花岗质岩石主要由二长花岗岩、石英闪长岩、花岗斑岩和石英正长岩组成,岩浆成因锆石U-Pb同位素定年结果显示岩浆活动主要发生于晚侏罗世(156Ma)、早白垩世早期(139Ma)、早白垩世中期(130～125Ma)。岩石地球化学测试分析结果显示岩石属于高钾钙碱性系列且具有富集K、Pb等大离子亲石元素而相对亏损Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素等活动陆缘岩浆岩特点,表明辽西地区晚中生代岩浆活动的发生与俯冲作用有关。晚侏罗世-早白垩世早期(156～139Ma)花岗质岩石地球化学特征与I型花岗岩类似,同时具有富集的Hf同位素组成(εHf(t)=-22.70～-18.66)和古老的Hf同位素二阶段模式年龄(tDM2=2387～2767Ma),其初始岩浆可能来源于古老中上地壳的部分熔融;形成于130Ma的花岗质岩石同样具有与I型花岗岩相类似的岩石地球化学特征,但其Hf同位素组成突变为亏损(εHf(t)=+3.64～+6.22、tDM1=537～969Ma),其初始岩浆起源于新元古代新生地壳物质的部分熔融并混入少量亏损地幔物质组分;形成于125Ma的花岗质岩石为碱性A型花岗岩,岩石地球化学特征与其他岩石有所不同,具有负的εHf(t)值(-17.30～-11.56)和相对古老的Hf同位素二阶段年龄(tDM2=1917～2278Ma),初始岩浆可能起源于较为古老的中下地壳部分熔融并有幔源物质的参与。华北克拉通东部形成于160～139Ma的花岗质岩石具有I型、高钾钙碱性、与埃达克质岩石类似的高Sr/Y、低Y含量特征和富集的Hf同位素组成,而形成于130～120Ma的花岗质岩石具有A型、碱性、与典型岛弧岩浆岩类似的岩石地球化学特征和相对亏损的Hf同位素组成,同时晚中生代岩浆活动具有向洋年轻化的特点,表明华北克拉通东部156～139Ma期间可能受到古太平洋板块的持续俯冲作用,而139～130Ma古太平洋俯冲板片开始回撤,130～125Ma进入古太平洋俯冲板片持续回撤导致的强烈区域伸展作用阶段。古太平洋俯冲板片脱水交代岩石圈地幔并形成幔源岩浆,幔源岩浆不断底侵作用于古老/新生地壳使其发生部分熔融为花岗质岩石提供岩浆来源。  相似文献   

环塔里木盆地绿洲城市发展与水环境质量协调度     

孜比布拉·司马义  杨胜天  杨晓东  王蕾  肖合来提·巴义 《中国沙漠》2020,40(1):88-96

解决好新疆环塔里木盆地绿洲城市发展与水环境质量之间的关系，对"一带一路"倡议顺利实施及新疆社会稳定具有十分重要的作用。基于2004-2017年环塔里木盆地绿洲城市发展与水环境变化状况，构建城市发展与水环境质量的综合评价模型及二者的协调度模型，以探讨环塔里木盆地绿洲城市发展、水环境质量变化及二者的协调关系。结果表明：2004-2017年，（1）环塔里木盆地绿洲城市发展综合指数呈现出逐年稳定上升的趋势，经济发展和城镇空间规模扩大是环塔里木盆地绿洲城市发展的主要形式；（2）环塔里木盆地绿洲城市的水环境质量综合指数呈现出逐年降低的趋势，水环境质量形势严峻；（3）环塔里木盆地绿洲城市发展-水环境质量系统的协调度呈现倒U型的稳定发展趋势，但总体上两者的协调度较低，城市发展和水环境质量之间的矛盾日益突出。  相似文献   

湘黔桂新元古代拉伸纪晚期地层年代格架对比及关键地质事件初探     

张嘉玮  陈建书  吴滔  叶太平  陈明华  代雅然  邓小杰  牟军 《地学前缘》2020,27(4):1-16

湘黔桂地区发育一套完整的新元古代拉伸纪晚期地层(下江群及其相当地层),是研究扬子克拉通与华夏板块碰撞拼接后华南大陆裂谷盆地演化的重要载体。本文报道了贵州省铜仁市万山区清水江组上部、平略组底部及中部变质凝灰岩和沉凝灰岩的年龄,分别为(763.8±5.5) Ma(N=24,MSWD=0.29)、(760.2±4.1) Ma(N=25,MSWD=0.39)、(759.1±3.9) Ma(N=26,MSWD=0.38)。通过对湘黔桂地区下江群及其相当地层中已有火山岩、火山碎屑沉积岩、含凝灰质岩石年龄的系统梳理与分析研究,进一步确定下江群其及相当地层的沉积时限在822~715 Ma,桂北丹洲群三门街组玄武岩是在武陵造山后伸展背景下湘黔桂地区裂谷最大裂陷时期的产物,清水江组与平略组内大量的火山物质可能来源于江南造山带东段800~760 Ma的中酸性喷出岩。结合地层、岩性、年代特征,本文恢复了湘黔桂盆地新元古代拉伸纪晚期的演化历史,并认为该套地层符合建立下江系条件。  相似文献   

Zircon U–Pb age, trace element and Hf isotope composition of Kongling terrane in the Yangtze Craton: refining the timing of Palaeoproterozoic high-grade metamorphism     

Y.-B. WU  S. GAO  H.-J. GONG  H. XIANG  W.-F. JIAO  S.-H. YANG  Y.-S. LIU  H.-L. YUAN 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2009,27(6):461-477

U–Pb age, trace element and Hf isotope compositions of zircon were analysed for a metasedimentary rock and two amphibolites from the Kongling terrane in the northern part of the Yangtze Craton. The zircon shows distinct morphological and chemical characteristics. Most zircon in an amphibolite shows oscillatory zoning, high Th/U and ¹⁷⁶Lu/¹⁷⁷Hf ratios, high formation temperature, high trace element contents, clear negative Eu anomaly, as well as HREE-enriched patterns, suggesting that it is igneous. The zircon yields a weighted mean ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb age of 2857 ± 8 Ma, representing the age of the magmatic protolith. The zircon in the other two samples is metamorphic. It has low Th/U ratios, low trace element concentrations, variable HREE contents (33.8 ≥ Lu_N≥2213; 14.7 ≤ Lu_N/Sm_N ≤ 354) and ¹⁷⁶Lu/¹⁷⁷Hf ratios (0.000030–0.001168). The data indicate that the zircon formed in the presence of garnet and under upper amphibolite facies conditions. The metamorphic zircon yields a weighted mean ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb age of 2010 ± 13 Ma. These results combined with previously obtained Palaeoproterozoic metamorphic ages suggest a c. 2.0 Ga Palaeoproterozoic collisional event in the Yangtze Craton, which may result from the assembly of the supercontinent Columbia. The zircon in two samples yields weighted mean two-stage Hf model ( T _DM2) ages of 3217 ± 110 and 2943 ± 50 Ma, respectively, indicating that their protoliths were mainly derived from Archean crust.  相似文献   

Sedimentary characteristics of tide-dominated estuary in Donghetang Formation（Upper Devonian）, central Tarim Basin     

WANG Li-ping LI Chuang TANG Bing-yong 《东北亚地学研究》2005,8(1):78-93

The Donghetang Formation （Upper Devonian） in central Tarim Basin has been thought an important oil and gas reservoir since the abundant oil and gas resources were found in the wells W16, W20, W34, and other fields. However, the sedimentary environment of the Donghetang Formation has been disputed because it suffered from both tidal and fluvial actions and there were not rich fossils in the sandstone. After the authors analyzed sedimentary features by means of drill cores, well logging data, paleosols, and with SEM obseruations, three kinds of sedimentary environments were distinguished： alluvial fan, tide-dominated estuary, and shelf. Particularly, the sedimentary features of tide-dominated estuary were studied in detail. Besides, the authors discussed sedimentary characteristics of the Donghetang Formation which was divided into two fourth-order sequences and five system tracts. At the same time, according to the forming process of five system tracts, the whole vertical evolution and lateral transition of tide-dominated estuary were illustrated clearly. Finally, the reservoir quality was evaluated based on porosity and permeability.  相似文献   

Palynofacies and sea-level changes in the Upper Cretaceous of the Vocontian Basin, southeast France     

Annette E. Gtz  Susanne Feist-Burkhardt  Katrin Ruckwied 《Cretaceous Research》2008,29(5-6):1047

Upper Cretaceous platform carbonates of the Vocontian Basin (southeastern France) have been investigated in a cross-section from the proximal deposits exposed in the lower Rhône Valley to the distal part of the basin in the Southern Subalpine Ranges north of Nice. The stratigraphic interval studied in detail spans the uppermost Turonian and Coniacian.Palynofacies patterns were used to detect eustatic signals at a third-order scale and are the tool for correlation of proximal and distal platform deposits. The organic constituents observed in the studied samples have been grouped into a continental fraction, including higher plant debris (phytoclasts) and sporomorphs, and a marine fraction with dinoflagellate cysts, acritarchs, prasinophytes, and foraminiferal test linings. The main factors influencing the stratigraphic and spatial distribution of land-derived, allochthonous, and marine, relatively autochthonous, organic particles are the proximity of land, the organic productivity, the degree of biodegradation and the hydrodynamic conditions of the depositional system. Palynofacies parameters used for the sequence stratigraphic interpretation are: (1) the ratio of continental to marine constituents (CONT/MAR ratio); (2) the ratio of opaque to translucent phytoclasts (OP/TR ratio); (3) the phytoclast particle size and shape; and (4) the relative proportion and species diversity of marine plankton. Ternary diagrams illustrating significant proximality changes were used to decipher transgressive-regressive trends within the succession.High amounts of translucent phytoclasts and decreasing values of the CONT/MAR ratio occur during the phase of relative sea-level rise in the upper Turonian. The stratigraphic interval of maximum flooding around the Turonian/Coniacian boundary is marked by the highest abundance and species diversity of dinoflagellate cysts, and by high percentages of opaque, equidimensional particles within the phytoclast group. The OP/TR ratio is still high within the lower Coniacian representing the early highstand deposits, whereas the relative abundance of marine constituents is again decreasing. Sedimentary organic matter of the upper Coniacian is dominated by large, blade-shaped, mainly opaque phytoclasts, which are a characteristic palynofacies signature of late highstand deposits.The present study demonstrates the high potential of palynofacies analysis in high-resolution stratigraphy and correlation of sedimentary series of shallow epeiric seas.  相似文献   

遗迹化石在层序地层学研究中的应用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

施振生  杨威  郭长敏  胡斌 《地层学杂志》2008,32(1):79-84

以济阳坳陷古近系沙河街组和塔里木盆地志留系为例,探讨了遗迹化石与层序地层学的关系,表现在3个方面:1)层序界面的识别层序界面位置发育有特征性的受基底控制的遗迹相,且界面上下遗迹组合类型发生变化;2)准层序界面的识别较深水环境中,界面上下生物扰动强度明显差异,界面之下扰动强度较大,扰动指数可达到3,而界面之上几乎没有生物扰动,且在同一准层序内部,由下至上,扰动强度逐渐增大;3)旋回层序的识别:在潮控滨线环境中,单个准层序内部,由下至上,高能环境的Skolithos遗迹组合逐渐变为中低能环境的Planolites-Palaeophycus遗迹组合和低能环境的Cochlichnus-Planolites遗迹组合,由下至上呈现旋回性变化特征。  相似文献   

新疆塔中南坡奥陶系的地层缺失和沉积相变化   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

蔡习尧  李越 《地层学杂志》2008,32(4)

按照奥陶系内部6个组沉积的时间片段拟定塔中南坡不同区块存在不同程度的缺失。部分关键层段的牙形石和几丁虫组合特征证明一间房组和恰尔巴克组在塔中部分井区是存在的,但恰尔巴克组的分布范围最狭窄。总体上,塔中南坡隆起区地层缺失较多,古城墟隆起基本完整。据缺失状况和岩相展布,显示塔中南坡的沉积单元具有由东往西迁移的特征,且各时段迁移的距离与速度存在较大差异。  相似文献